The world of acrylic additives can be a mysterious place. With their white jars and labels, it’s not always clear why there are so many and what each one does. In this article, we’ll focus on the distinction between mediums and additives, as using them incorrectly can affect the stability of your paintings.
What is a Medium?
A medium is a balanced formulation that contains an acrylic resin or “binder.” It can be used on its own or added to acrylic paint to extend or modify its properties. Think of mediums as paint without pigment. They can be mixed with paint or other mediums, layered, or used as a size for canvas. There are minimal rules when using acrylic mediums, so you have the freedom to experiment.
What is an Additive?
An additive, on the other hand, is a product that needs to be mixed into a paint or medium. It should never be used on its own. Additives evaporate during the curing process and have specific functions. Some additives act as raw materials and do not contain binders. It’s crucial to follow the recommended maximum addition on the label.
Types of Acrylic Mediums
Fluid Mediums
Fluid mediums are thin and have a leveling quality. They include products like GAC Specialty Polymers, Gloss Medium, Matte Medium, Color Pouring Mediums, and more. Fluid mediums are versatile and can be mixed, layered, or used as a ground for painting.
Gel Mediums
Gel mediums are thicker and have a range of textures. They can be translucent, opaque, or somewhere in between. Gel mediums are excellent for creating textures or adding body to acrylic paints. They come in various sheens such as Gloss, Semi-Gloss, and Matte.
Pastes
Pastes are thick and textural materials that dry opaque. They are often used as painting grounds and can build high textures. Pastes, like molding pastes and crackle paste, can add depth and dimension to your artwork.
Attributes and Uses of Acrylic Mediums
Mediums can be used to alter the sheen, viscosity, feel, behavior, or dry time of acrylic paint. They also provide options for adding or reducing opacity, acting as a collage adhesive, or preparing a ground. Different mediums affect the flow, thickness, and texture of the paint. Before exploring mediums, it’s recommended to get familiar with the paint itself.
Attributes and Uses of Additives
Additives are used to modify the working properties of paints and mediums. They are added to slow down drying time, improve absorption, or transform the paint’s behavior. Additives like retarder, OPEN thinner, wetting agent, wetting aid, airbrush medium, and water serve specific purposes and should be used in combination with paints or mediums.
In conclusion, the key difference between mediums and additives is that mediums can be used on their own, while additives need to be mixed with something else. When deciding which product to use for your project, consider the level of change you want to achieve. Sometimes a significant change is desired, while other times, minimal alteration is best. Experiment and have fun exploring the vast possibilities of acrylic mediums and additives.
